Technology is a broad concept that deals with a
species' usage and knowledge of
tools and
crafts, and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt to its
environment. In human society, it is a consequence of
science and
engineering, although several technological advances predate the formalization of these two disciplines. The term can either be applied generally or to specific areas – examples include
construction technology,
medical technology, or
state-of-the-arttechnology.
The
human race's use of technology began with the conversion of plentiful natural resources into simple tools. The
prehistorical discovery of the ability to control
fireincreased the available sources of food, and the invention of the
wheel helped humans in travelling in and controlling their environment. Recent technological developments, including the
printing press and the
Internet, have lessened physical barriers to
communication and allowed humans to interact on a global scale. However, not all technology has been used for peaceful purposes; the development of
weapons of ever-increasing destructive power has progressed throughout history, from
clubs to
nuclear bombs.
Applied science is the application of knowledge from one or more
natural scientific fields to solving practical problems. For example, fields of
engineering are applied sciences. Applied science is important for technology development. Its use in industrial settings is usually referred to as
research and development (R&D).
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