How to Recognize and Report Child and Elder Abuse

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Child and elder abuse is a serious problem that affects people from all walks of life. One of the most important ways to protect victims from abuse is by making sure they get the help they need and by reporting cases to the authorities.

Here’s how to recognize the different types of abuse and what to do in case you know someone who is a victim.

Children who are victims of physical or emotional abuse often display mental and social development problems. In most cases, the abuse comes from their own parents or caretakers. Below are some of the signs of abuse:

Physical abuse: A child who suffers from physical abuse might have bruises, burn marks, fractures and scars. They are often fearful of adults or certain people.Sexual abuse: Victims of sexual abuse are forced to have sexual relations or engage in inappropriate physical contact with adults. One sign of sexual abuse is feeling uncomfortable when changing clothes.Emotional abuse: Children who experience emotional abuse are often victims of private or public humiliation and neglect. A child who is a victim might show sudden changes in behavior and act violently.Neglect: Children who are physically neglected show signs of lack of personal hygiene and bad health due to malnutrition, among other things.

If you know or suspect that a child is a victim of abuse and is in immediate danger, call 911. To report a case of child abuse, call the National Child Abuse Hotline at 1-800-422-4453. ChildWelfare.gov also has information on how to report suspected child maltreatment as well as other resources for victims.

Elder abuse can occur in the victim’s home or at places like assisted living facilities. People who abuse the elderly are usually people who know or take care of the victims. There are several types of abuse and all of them can have a profound negative impact on a person’s physical and mental health.

Physical abuse: As with child abuse, elders who suffer from physical abuse also might show bruises or other signs of injury on their bodies. They might often act fearful or look intimidated.Sexual abuse: Elders who suffer from sexual abuse might become withdrawn.Emotional abuse: This occurs when the victim is humiliated and treated with disrespect. The victim might feel useless or inferior and might suffer from depression.Neglect: Elders show signs of physical neglect when caretakers fail to help them with their personal hygiene, food, clothing and medications.Financial abuse: Elders are often targets of financial fraud. This usually happens when people who take care of elders steal their retirement or Social Security money.

If you know or suspect an elder is a victim of abuse and is in immediate danger, call 911. To report a case of elder abuse, call 1-800-677-1116 or visit the National Center on Elder Abuse Abuse where you can find more information on how to help victims.

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BBC Inquiry Blames Rigid Management for Mishandling Sex Abuse Scandal

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The 200-page report by Nick Pollard, a former head of the Sky News channel who began his broadcast career as a BBC reporter, traced in detail what it described as “a chain of events that was to prove disastrous for the BBC.” Among other things, Mr. Pollard blamed a “rigid management system” that had “proved completely incapable of dealing with” the crisis that followed the program’s cancellation.

While much of the report centered on the interplay between journalists and their superiors as the allegations against Mr. Savile were investigated, its central conclusion appeared to be that confusion and mismanagement, not a cover-up, lay at the heart of the decision to drop the Savile program. Mr. Savile died at 84 in October 2011, weeks before the “Newsnight” program was scheduled to be broadcast.

“The efforts to get to the truth behind the Savile story proved beyond the combined efforts of the senior management, legal department, corporate communications team and anyone else for well over a month” after the crisis broke, precipitated by a program earlier this year on ITV, Britain’s leading commercial broadcaster, the report said. “Leadership and organization seemed to be in short supply.”

Mr. Pollard dismissed one theory that was widely circulated in recent months, that BBC News executives or their superiors, reluctant to have the BBC reveal a dark passage in its past, pressured the “Newsnight” team to cancel the Savile segment. Critics who took this views have played down the reason Peter Rippon, the program’s editor, cited to his staff. Mr. Rippon said he considered the team’s conclusions about Mr. Savile had not been adequately substantiated.

“While there clearly were discussions about the Savile story between Mr. Rippon and his managers,” Mr. Pollard said, he did not believe that they had exerted “undue pressure on him.”

The report was strongly critical of several news executives who were directly involved in the decision to cancel the Savile exposé, including Mr. Rippon and the two top executives in the BBC’s news division to whom he reported, Helen Boaden and Stephen Mitchell, all three of whom were suspended from their posts during the nine-week Pollard inquiry.

But it adopted a largely sparing tone in its review of the role played by the broadcaster’s former director general, Mark Thompson, who stepped down after eight years in the job in September and became president and chief executive of The New York Times Company last month.

The report’s criticism appeared to be aimed mainly at the broadcaster’s complex management systems, not on the actions — or absence of them — by Mr. Thompson and other top executives who presided over the BBC, its $6 billion annual budget and its 23,000 employees.

Mr. Thompson has said that he was not briefed about the “Newsnight” investigation before its cancellation, was not involved in canceling it, and did not know about the allegations of sexual abuse against Mr. Savile until the report about the cancellation appeared on ITV, a commercial competitor of the BBC.

The report does not dispute Mr. Thompson’s public statements that he did not know about the Savile investigation until it had been killed.

It cited, without criticism, Mr. Thompson’s account of an episode when he was asked about the “Newsnight” cancellation by a BBC reporter at a social gathering. The report quoted Mr. Thompson as having testified that he subsequently asked BBC News executives about the matter and “received reassurances” that the program had been killed for “editorial or journalistic reasons.” After that, Mr. Thompson said, according to the report, he “crossed it off my list and went off to worry about something else.”

While the scuttled program became the subject of media stories in London beginning in January — some of which, BBC officials have said, were included in press summaries prepared for Mr. Thompson — Mr. Pollard concluded: “Mr. Thompson told me that the various press stories which followed passed him by. I have no reason to doubt what he told me.”

Matthew Purdy contributed reporting from New York.

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Child abuse can alter the onset of menstruation in girls

Friday, August 3)--HealthDay News girls who are physically or sexually assaulted can start menstruation earlier or later than average, according to a new study.

After analyzing the information about women, 69000 researchers from Boston University School of Medicine found that the sexual abuse in childhood were 49% more likely to have their first period to 11 years than women who had not been abused. Women who suffered heavy physical abuse have a 50% increase in risk for starting their menstrual cycles later, or after 15 years.

In the United States during times of girls start at an average of about 12.5 years, according to the national institutes of health United States. Studies do not suggest, however, that the girl who starts menstruating earlier or later than usual, have been subjected to violence.

"In our study was associated with the accelerated and delayed age at menarche cruel and it is important that these associations vary with the type of abuses that suggest that child abuse is not a homogeneous impact on health," said study leader Dr. Renée Boynton-Jarrett, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University Press release.

"There is a need for further research to study the characteristics of child abuse that might affect health outcomes, including the type and severity of the abuse, as well as the social context in which the abuse occurs," Boynton-Jarrett.

The researchers noted that girls who menstruate early can be at greater risk for certain health problems such as heart disease, cancer, metabolic dysfunction and depression. In the meantime, the girls who menstruate later may be more likely to have depression and lower bone mineral density.

"We must work towards a better understanding of how abuse affects the health and translate these findings into clinical practice and public health strategy to improve the welfare of victims of ill-treatment," Boynton-Jarrett said.

The study was published online July 26 in the journal of adolescent health.

Dallas — Mary Elizabeth Copyright © 2012 HealthDay. All rights reserved. Source: Boston University Medical Center, press release, July 27, 2012

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