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Showing posts with label Working. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Working. Show all posts
Tuesday, July 2, 2013
Monday, January 14, 2013
Basic Biostatistics for Clinical Research: Working Sessions
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Thursday, August 9, 2012
Working woman can raise the risk of heart attack?
High voltage work may increase the risk of heart attack for women
By Kathleen Doheny
WebMD Health News
Reviewed By Louise Chang, MD
July 18, 2012-women with jobs high voltages at high risk of heart attacks and other heart problems, compared to those with lower stress jobs, according to a new study.
"Women have a high job strain, 40% more likely to have cardiovascular events, compared with women who were in the category of low voltage," said researcher Michael a. Albert, MD, MPH, Brigham and women's Hospital cardiologist and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School.
High voltage is defined as the high demand and low control, "she said. An example is the work of the factory in which a worker is the pressure to produce.
Then find a surprise. Women in what she calls '' active strain '' jobs--is very demanding, but with high control--the same increased risk in high stress, low control positions.
Insecurity of employment, are not associated with risk of heart attack, stroke and other cardiovascular problems, Albert also found.
A study Published in PLoS ONE.
The researchers followed more than 22000 participants in the long-running health study. The average age of women was 57.
The women were divided into four groups working strain. Deformation work takes into account the requirements and control that has worked. These groups are:
Low voltage: low demand, high controlPassive: with low demand, low controlActive: with high demand, high controlHigh voltage: with high demand, low controlThe researchers followed the women for 10 years, wants to see who was one of four types of events. They found:
170 attacks163 heart strokes440 heart procedures such stents, bypass surgery, or angioplasty52 deaths from cardiovascular diseaseThe researchers took into account other factors that can affect heart health, age, race, education and income.
Even then, they found almost 40% increase in risk of any of the four results in women's groups active or high voltage.
When they just watched nonfatal heart attack, they found that the women in the Group of 67% high voltage higher than those in the low-voltage have one.
Also, they looked at depression and anxiety. These factors explain only about 20% of relationships, Albert tells WebMD. More research is needed to further explain the relationship, "she said.
The instability in the employment sphere, does not appear to increase the risk of heart attack or stroke, "she said.
New findings differ from some previous studies, said Mika Kivimaki, PhD, Professor of social epidemiology, University College of London. He reviewed the results.
He has published reports on the stress and cardiovascular disease. Researchers at University College London have long study Whitehall, also known as stress health research &, after more than 10000 British men and women.
It was previously thought that high job demands increase the risk of heart disease, only if the employee is additionally has a bad decision authority at work, "says Kivimaki.
"It is a study of United States women is important because it suggests that this may not be the case. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease was also seen among women who need jobs, combined with high performance management. "
However, he said that the researchers simply the relationship between work stress and heart health, but cannot prove cause and effect.
It's hard to take into account all of the risk factors that can play, said Peter Schnall, MD, MPH, Professor of clinical medicine at the University of California, Irvine.
He is also the Director of the Center for occupational and environmental health programme in the Organization of work and cardiovascular diseases.
"Field studies of stress but now focuses on work strain, but in the last 10 years were registered dozens of work-related risk factors," he tells WebMD.
Among the most dangerous heart factors? Working long hours, low wages and in the face of the threat of harm, he said. For example, a bus driver.
Women with high stress jobs should give extra attention to the way of life, "said Albert. A woman may focus on personal time, doing yoga and meditation or even pray.
Most important? «Find the thing that works for you, to reduce stress, "she says.
Sources: Slopen, PLoS one, July 2012 year. Michelle a. Albert, MD, mph, cardiologist, Brigham and women's Hospital and associate professor of medicine, Harvard Medical School. Mika Kivimaki, PhD, Professor of social epidemiology, University College of London. Peter Schnall, MD, MPH, a Professor of clinical medicine, University of California, Irvine; Director, Center for occupational and environmental health programme in the Organization of work and cardiovascular disease, University of California Irvine.© 2012 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
Sunday, May 20, 2012
Off The Charts: Number of Those Working Past 65 Is at a Record High
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Labor Department figures indicate that the percentage of workers over the traditional retirement age of 65 is at a record high. But, the figures show, job totals fell sharply for men under 55 during the recession and have only started to recover, while the proportion of women ages 25 to 54 with jobs also slid and is close to the lowest level of the last two decades. “The fact of the matter is that this aging-but-not-yet-aged segment of the baby boomer class can’t afford to retire,” said David A. Rosenberg, the chief economist of Gluskin Sheff, a Canadian firm, noting that overall household net worth was 15 percent lower than at the prerecession peak. “Dreams of the 5,000-square-foot McMansion being a viable retirement asset have morphed into nightmares of a deflationary ball and chain.” The accompanying charts show the percentage of various age groups with jobs since the end of 2006, when the overall percentage of people with jobs hit its cyclical peak. Each of the charts has a different range, but the same spread between the top and the bottom, so that a move of a given size represents the same gain or loss in percentage points. For the first time since the government began keeping track of the numbers in 1981 — and probably the first time ever — one in nine American men over the age of 75 was working in April. About one in 20 women over that age have jobs. The government collects the statistics from a monthly survey of about 60,000 households. Because the pool of older people is relatively small, the Bureau of Labor Statistics does not try to measure seasonal patterns. The figure shown in each chart for workers over 55 is the average of the 12 most recently monthly surveys. That adjusts for seasonal patterns and smooths out the sometimes volatile data. For workers under 55, the government does do seasonal calculations. The charts showing the average of men and women in the prime working ages — 25 to 54 — show the seasonally adjusted data as well as the 12-month averages shown for the other categories. In general, for workers it was better to be older in the current cycle. The employment-to-population ratios are higher now than before the recession began for both men and women in all age groups above 65. More than a third of men ages 65 to 69 are working, as are more than a quarter of women. But the proportion of both sexes working is down from the peak for all age groups under 60. As the recovery continues, there is limited evidence that younger workers are starting to benefit. Over the most recent 12 months, the seasonally adjusted proportion of men ages 25 to 34 with jobs rose 2.3 percentage points, to 82.5 percent. The proportion of women in that age group with jobs rose one percentage point, to 68 percent. Those are larger gains over that period than for any other group. But gains for middle-age workers have only started to appear.
AppId is over the quota
Labor Department figures indicate that the percentage of workers over the traditional retirement age of 65 is at a record high. But, the figures show, job totals fell sharply for men under 55 during the recession and have only started to recover, while the proportion of women ages 25 to 54 with jobs also slid and is close to the lowest level of the last two decades. “The fact of the matter is that this aging-but-not-yet-aged segment of the baby boomer class can’t afford to retire,” said David A. Rosenberg, the chief economist of Gluskin Sheff, a Canadian firm, noting that overall household net worth was 15 percent lower than at the prerecession peak. “Dreams of the 5,000-square-foot McMansion being a viable retirement asset have morphed into nightmares of a deflationary ball and chain.” The accompanying charts show the percentage of various age groups with jobs since the end of 2006, when the overall percentage of people with jobs hit its cyclical peak. Each of the charts has a different range, but the same spread between the top and the bottom, so that a move of a given size represents the same gain or loss in percentage points. For the first time since the government began keeping track of the numbers in 1981 — and probably the first time ever — one in nine American men over the age of 75 was working in April. About one in 20 women over that age have jobs. The government collects the statistics from a monthly survey of about 60,000 households. Because the pool of older people is relatively small, the Bureau of Labor Statistics does not try to measure seasonal patterns. The figure shown in each chart for workers over 55 is the average of the 12 most recently monthly surveys. That adjusts for seasonal patterns and smooths out the sometimes volatile data. For workers under 55, the government does do seasonal calculations. The charts showing the average of men and women in the prime working ages — 25 to 54 — show the seasonally adjusted data as well as the 12-month averages shown for the other categories. In general, for workers it was better to be older in the current cycle. The employment-to-population ratios are higher now than before the recession began for both men and women in all age groups above 65. More than a third of men ages 65 to 69 are working, as are more than a quarter of women. But the proportion of both sexes working is down from the peak for all age groups under 60. As the recovery continues, there is limited evidence that younger workers are starting to benefit. Over the most recent 12 months, the seasonally adjusted proportion of men ages 25 to 34 with jobs rose 2.3 percentage points, to 82.5 percent. The proportion of women in that age group with jobs rose one percentage point, to 68 percent. Those are larger gains over that period than for any other group. But gains for middle-age workers have only started to appear.
Floyd Norris comments on finance and the economy at nytimes.com/economix.
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